This report examines the performance of regulatory frameworks in the South African telecommunications, electricity, and transport sectors. The report finds that while these sectors have undergone significant transformation since the end of apartheid, structural issues within the regulatory frameworks have hindered their efficacy. The report highlights the challenge of balancing market liberalisation with universal service objectives, particularly in the context of limited resources and capacity within regulatory bodies. The report concludes by recommending clearer mandates for regulators, increased independence from political influence, and a greater focus on transparency and stakeholder engagement
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